我正在尝试使用 Spring 3.0(和 maven)做我的第一个项目。我在相当多的项目中一直在使用 Spring 2.5(和入门版本)。尽管如此,我还是有点困惑,我必须在 pom.xml 中将哪些模块定义为依赖项。我只想使用核心容器功能(beans、core、context、el)。
我习惯这样做:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring</artifactId>
<version>2.5.6</version>
</dependency>
但是现在我有点困惑,因为 3.0 版已经没有完整的 spring 模块了。我尝试了以下方法,但没有成功(缺少某些类)。
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
任何帮助,将不胜感激!
Keith Donald 在 Spring Blog 上发表了一篇非常好的帖子,详细介绍了操作方法 Obtain Spring 3 Aritfacts with Maven,其中的评论详细说明了您何时需要每个依赖项...
<!-- Shared version number properties -->
<properties>
<org.springframework.version>3.0.0.RELEASE</org.springframework.version>
</properties>
<!-- Core utilities used by other modules.
Define this if you use Spring Utility APIs
(org.springframework.core.*/org.springframework.util.*)-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Expression Language (depends on spring-core)
Define this if you use Spring Expression APIs
(org.springframework.expression.*)-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-expression</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Bean Factory and JavaBeans utilities (depends on spring-core)
Define this if you use Spring Bean APIs
(org.springframework.beans.*)-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Aspect Oriented Programming (AOP) Framework
(depends on spring-core, spring-beans)
Define this if you use Spring AOP APIs
(org.springframework.aop.*)-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Application Context
(depends on spring-core, spring-expression, spring-aop, spring-beans)
This is the central artifact for Spring's Dependency Injection Container
and is generally always defined-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Various Application Context utilities, including EhCache, JavaMail, Quartz,
and Freemarker integration
Define this if you need any of these integrations-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Transaction Management Abstraction
(depends on spring-core, spring-beans, spring-aop, spring-context)
Define this if you use Spring Transactions or DAO Exception Hierarchy
(org.springframework.transaction.*/org.springframework.dao.*)-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JDBC Data Access Library
(depends on spring-core, spring-beans, spring-context, spring-tx)
Define this if you use Spring's JdbcTemplate API
(org.springframework.jdbc.*)-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Object-to-Relation-Mapping (ORM) integration with Hibernate, JPA and iBatis.
(depends on spring-core, spring-beans, spring-context, spring-tx)
Define this if you need ORM (org.springframework.orm.*)-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Object-to-XML Mapping (OXM) abstraction and integration with JAXB, JiBX,
Castor, XStream, and XML Beans.
(depends on spring-core, spring-beans, spring-context)
Define this if you need OXM (org.springframework.oxm.*)-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Web application development utilities applicable to both Servlet and
Portlet Environments
(depends on spring-core, spring-beans, spring-context)
Define this if you use Spring MVC, or wish to use Struts, JSF, or another
web framework with Spring (org.springframework.web.*)-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring MVC for Servlet Environments
(depends on spring-core, spring-beans, spring-context, spring-web)
Define this if you use Spring MVC with a Servlet Container such as
Apache Tomcat (org.springframework.web.servlet.*)-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring MVC for Portlet Environments
(depends on spring-core, spring-beans, spring-context, spring-web)
Define this if you use Spring MVC with a Portlet Container
(org.springframework.web.portlet.*)-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc-portlet</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Support for testing Spring applications with tools such as JUnit and TestNG
This artifact is generally always defined with a 'test' scope for the
integration testing framework and unit testing stubs-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${org.springframework.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
Spring(现在)通过仅使用一个依赖项就可以轻松地将 Spring 添加到项目中,例如
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>3.1.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
这将解决
[INFO] The following files have been resolved:
[INFO] aopalliance:aopalliance:jar:1.0:compile
[INFO] commons-logging:commons-logging:jar:1.1.1:compile
[INFO] org.springframework:spring-aop:jar:3.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] org.springframework:spring-asm:jar:3.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] org.springframework:spring-beans:jar:3.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] org.springframework:spring-context:jar:3.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] org.springframework:spring-core:jar:3.1.2.RELEASE:compile
[INFO] org.springframework:spring-expression:jar:3.1.2.RELEASE:compile
查看 Spring Framework documentation 页面了解更多信息。
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
由于这个问题似乎仍然有很多观点,因此请注意对于 Spring 4+,开始使用 Spring Boot
和 Spring Boot starter POMs 是最容易的。
使用 Spring Boot,需要管理的依赖项更少(因此冲突也更少),并且设置一个工作良好、集成良好的 Spring Context 要容易得多。我强烈推荐它。
缺少哪些课程?类名本身应该是缺少模块的一个很好的线索。
仅供参考,我知道包含 uber spring jar 非常方便,但这在与其他项目集成时确实会引起问题。依赖系统背后的好处之一是它可以解决依赖之间的版本冲突。
如果我的库依赖于 spring-core:2.5 而你依赖于我的库和 uber-spring:3.0,那么你的类路径中现在有 2 个版本的 spring。
您可以通过排除来解决此问题,但正确列出依赖项要容易得多,而不必担心它。
您可以为 spring jar 添加 spring-context 依赖项。您将获得以下罐子。
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
https://i.stack.imgur.com/vjjql.png
如果你还想要 web 组件,你可以使用 spring-webmvc 依赖。
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.0.5.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
https://i.stack.imgur.com/HoGbo.png
你可以使用任何你想要的版本。我在这里使用了 5.0.5.RELEASE。
你可以试试这个
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>`
使用 BOM 解决版本问题。
您可能会发现第三方库或另一个 Spring 项目将传递依赖项引入到旧版本。如果您忘记自己显式声明直接依赖项,则可能会出现各种意想不到的问题。为了克服这些问题,Maven 支持“材料清单”(BOM)依赖的概念。
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-framework-bom</artifactId>
<version>3.2.12.RELEASE</version>
<type>pom</type>
</dependency>
不定期副业成功案例分享