我正在尝试使用 Spring 编写一个 SOAP 服务,但是我收到了一个依赖注入问题。我在通过服务使用 @Autowired
时遇到问题,如下所示:
public interface UserDao {
User getUser(String username);
}
Dao 的实现如下:
@Controller("userDao")
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
private static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(UserDaoImpl.class);
@Autowired
@Qualifier("sessionFactory")
private LocalSessionFactoryBean sessionFactory;
@Override
public User getUser(String username) {
Session session = sessionFactory.getObject().openSession();
// Criteria query = session.createCriteria(Student.class);
Query query = session
.createQuery("from User where username = :username");
query.setParameter("username", username);
try {
System.out.println("\n Load Student by ID query is running...");
/*
* query.add(Restrictions.like("id", "%" + id + "%",
* MatchMode.ANYWHERE)); return (Student) query.list();
*/
return (User) query.uniqueResult();
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
log.info(e.toString());
} finally {
session.close();
}
return null;
}
}
和
public interface UserBo {
User loadUser(String username);
}
和
public class UserBoImpl implements UserBo {
@Autowired
private UserDao userDao;
@Override
public User loadUser(String username) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return userDao.getUser(username);
}
}
@WebService
@Component
public class UserService {
@Autowired
private UserBo userBo;
@WebMethod(operationName = "say")
public String sayHello(String name) {
return ("Hello Java to " + name);
}
@WebMethod(operationName = "getUser")
public User getUser(String username) {
return userBo.loadUser(username);
}
}
下面是xml映射文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ws="http://jax-ws.dev.java.net/spring/core"
xmlns:wss="http://jax-ws.dev.java.net/spring/servlet"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
http://jax-ws.dev.java.net/spring/core
http://jax-ws.java.net/spring/core.xsd
http://jax-ws.dev.java.net/spring/servlet
http://jax-ws.java.net/spring/servlet.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd">
<context:annotation-config />
<context:component-scan base-package="edu.java.spring.ws"></context:component-scan>
<context:component-scan base-package="edu.java.spring.ws.dao"></context:component-scan>
<bean id="userDao" class="edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDaoImpl"></bean>
<!-- <context:component-scan base-package="edu.java.spring.ws.bo"></context:component-scan>
-->
<wss:binding url="/user">
<wss:service>
<ws:service bean="#userService" />
</wss:service>
</wss:binding>
<bean id="userBo" class="edu.java.spring.ws.bo.impl.UserBoImpl"></bean>
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/contentdb" />
<property name="username" value="root" />
<property name="password" value="123456" />
</bean>
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
<property name="packagesToScan" value="edu.java.spring.ws.model" />
</bean>
</beans>
部署时抛出的错误是:这是更新的堆栈跟踪:
org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'com.sun.xml.ws.transport.http.servlet.SpringBinding#0' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Cannot create inner bean '(inner bean)#538071ba' of type [org.jvnet.jax_ws_commons.spring.SpringService] while setting bean property 'service'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name '(inner bean)#538071ba' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'userService' while setting bean property 'bean'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userService': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.bo.UserBo edu.java.spring.ws.UserService.userBo; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userBo': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao edu.java.spring.ws.bo.impl.UserBoImpl.userDao; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveInnerBean(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:290)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:129)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyPropertyValues(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1456)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1197)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:703)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishBeanFactoryInitialization(AbstractApplicationContext.java:760)
at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:482)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:403)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(ContextLoader.java:306)
at org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener.contextInitialized(ContextLoaderListener.java:106)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.listenerStart(StandardContext.java:4992)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5490)
at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1575)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1565)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name '(inner bean)#538071ba' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml]: Cannot resolve reference to bean 'userService' while setting bean property 'bean'; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userService': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.bo.UserBo edu.java.spring.ws.UserService.userBo; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userBo': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao edu.java.spring.ws.bo.impl.UserBoImpl.userDao; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:336)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:108)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.applyPropertyValues(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1456)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1197)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveInnerBean(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:276)
... 24 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userService': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.bo.UserBo edu.java.spring.ws.UserService.userBo; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userBo': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao edu.java.spring.ws.bo.impl.UserBoImpl.userDao; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:292)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1185)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.BeanDefinitionValueResolver.resolveReference(BeanDefinitionValueResolver.java:328)
... 30 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.bo.UserBo edu.java.spring.ws.UserService.userBo; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userBo': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao edu.java.spring.ws.bo.impl.UserBoImpl.userDao; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:508)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:289)
... 38 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'userBo': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao edu.java.spring.ws.bo.impl.UserBoImpl.userDao; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:292)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1185)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:537)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:475)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory$1.getObject(AbstractBeanFactory.java:304)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:228)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:300)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:195)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.findAutowireCandidates(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1017)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:960)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:858)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:480)
... 40 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: private edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao edu.java.spring.ws.bo.impl.UserBoImpl.userDao; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:508)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:87)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:289)
... 51 more
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)}
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:1103)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:963)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:858)
at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:480)
... 53 more
UserDao
类的实现吗?注释为 Reporitory
吗?
看看异常:
No qualifying bean of type [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] found for dependency
这意味着没有可用的 bean 来满足这种依赖关系。是的,你有一个接口的实现,但是你还没有为那个实现创建一个 bean。你有两个选择:
使用@Component 或@Repository 注释UserDaoImpl,让组件扫描为您完成工作,就像您使用UserService 所做的一样。
手动将 bean 添加到您的 xml 文件中,与您对 UserBoImpl 所做的相同。
请记住,如果显式创建 bean,则需要将定义放在组件扫描之前。在这种情况下,顺序很重要。
将注释 @Repository
添加到 UserDaoImpl
的实现
@Repository
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
private static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(UserDaoImpl.class);
@Autowired
@Qualifier("sessionFactory")
private LocalSessionFactoryBean sessionFactory;
//...
}
在我的例子中,应用程序上下文没有加载,因为我添加了 @DataJpaTest
注释。当我将其更改为 @SpringBootTest
时,它可以工作。
@DataJpaTest
仅加载 Spring Boot 应用程序的 JPA 部分。在 JavaDoc 中:
可以与 @RunWith(SpringRunner.class) 结合使用的注释,用于典型的 JPA 测试。当测试只关注 JPA 组件时可以使用。使用此注解将禁用完全自动配置,而是仅应用与 JPA 测试相关的配置。默认情况下,使用 @DataJpaTest 注释的测试将使用嵌入式内存数据库(替换任何显式或通常自动配置的数据源)。 @AutoConfigureTestDatabase 注释可用于覆盖这些设置。如果您希望加载完整的应用程序配置,但使用嵌入式数据库,则应考虑将 @SpringBootTest 与 @AutoConfigureTestDatabase 结合使用,而不是使用此注解。
我刚刚解决了我的测试中发生的这个错误。
只需确保您的测试类在使用 @MockBean
注释的被测试类的属性中具有所有依赖项,以便 SpringBoot 测试上下文可以正确连接您的类。
仅当您正在测试控制器时:您还需要类注释来正确加载控制器上下文。
一探究竟:
@DisplayName("UserController Adapter Test")
@WebMvcTest(UserController.class)
@AutoConfigureMockMvc(addFilters = false)
@Import(TestConfig.class)
public class UserControllerTest {
@Autowired
private MockMvc mockMvc;
@Autowired
private ObjectMapper objectMapper;
@MockBean
private CreateUserCommand createUserCommand;
@MockBean
private GetUserListQuery getUserListQuery;
@MockBean
private GetUserQuery getUserQuery;
我在 impl 类之前添加了 @Service
并且错误消失了。
@Service
public class FCSPAnalysisImpl implements FCSPAnalysis
{}
您似乎缺少接口 UserDao 的实现。如果您仔细查看异常,它会说
没有为依赖找到符合条件的 [edu.java.spring.ws.dao.UserDao] 类型的 bean:
@Autowired
的工作方式是它会自动查找您通过接口注入的依赖项的实现。在这种情况下,由于没有 UserDao 接口的有效实现,您会收到错误。确保您有此类的有效实现,并且您的错误应该消失。
希望有帮助。
我们面临这个问题,但有不同的原因,原因如下:
在我们的项目中发现多个具有相同 bean 名称的 bean 条目。 1 在 applicationcontext.xml & 1 在 dispatcherServlet.xml
例子:
<bean name="dataService" class="com.app.DataServiceImpl">
<bean name="dataService" class="com.app.DataServiceController">
& 我们正在尝试按 dataService 名称自动装配。
解决方案:我们更改了 bean 名称并解决了。
在我的情况下,我必须将 @Service
注释从接口移动到实现类。
atComponent
也可以!这是一个较低级别的类,所以我会改用它。
在您的 DAO 实现类之前添加存储库注释。例子:
@Repository
public class EmpDAOImpl extends BaseNamedParameterJdbcDaoSupportUAM
implements EmpDAO{
}
我在带有 expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate
的多模块项目中遇到了类似的问题,例如:
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type 'com.example.stockclient.repository.StockPriceRepository' available: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate. Dependency annotations: {}
在我的用例中,问题的原因是缺少注释 @EnableJpaRepositories
,它用于启用对 Spring Data JPA
的自动配置支持,需要知道 JPA
存储库的路径。
默认情况下,它将仅扫描主应用程序包及其子包以检测 JPA
存储库。
例如,有关更多详细信息,您可以参考此 article。
我可以为此提供多种原因吗?但是您可能会忘记为您已经完成@Autowired 的组件添加@Bean。
就我而言,我忘记用导致此问题的@Bean 进行装饰。
就我而言,我的项目结构如下:
https://i.stack.imgur.com/0Pmyd.png
当我运行测试时,我不断收到关于外观和 kafka 属性的 auro-wiring 问题 - 即使测试和 API 类位于同一个包中,错误也会返回有关丢失实例的信息。显然那些没有被扫描。
真正有帮助的是添加 @Import 注释将丢失的类带到 Spring 类路径并使其被实例化。
当您使用 @DataJpaTest 时,您需要使用 @Import 显式加载类。它不会为您加载汽车。
对我来说,罪魁祸首是依赖关系的大小。
一些项目相关的依赖没有正确下载,导致了这个错误。与具有类似设置的队友检查并再次添加罐子。
就我而言,我通过在测试类中使用 @MockBean 注释器从控制器类导入所有自动装配的依赖项(使用 @Autowired 注释)来解决它。前任。:
控制器.java
@Autowired
private Service service
@Autowired
private Dao daoService
控制器测试.java
@MockBean
private Service service
@MockBean
private Dao daoService
请记住,仅当您的测试侧重于类而不是整个应用程序时才需要这样做。避免此错误的另一种方法是使用@SprintTest 而不是@WebMvcTest(Controller.class) 一次加载整个应用程序。此 guide 包含有关测试基础知识的更多信息,可能会有所帮助。
我错过了添加
@Controller("userBo") into UserBoImpl class.
解决方案是将此控制器添加到 Impl 类中。
不定期副业成功案例分享