我想从我的 iPhone 应用程序发送一封电子邮件。我听说 iOS SDK 没有电子邮件 API。我不想使用以下代码,因为它会退出我的应用程序:
NSString *url = [NSString stringWithString: @"mailto:foo@example.com?cc=bar@example.com&subject=Greetings%20from%20Cupertino!&body=Wish%20you%20were%20here!"];
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL: [NSURL URLWithString: url]];
那么如何从我的应用程序发送电子邮件?
在 iOS 3.0 和更高版本上,您应该使用 MFMailComposeViewController
类和 MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate
协议,它们隐藏在 MessageUI 框架中。
首先添加 framework 并导入:
#import <MessageUI/MFMailComposeViewController.h>
然后,发送消息:
MFMailComposeViewController* controller = [[MFMailComposeViewController alloc] init];
controller.mailComposeDelegate = self;
[controller setSubject:@"My Subject"];
[controller setMessageBody:@"Hello there." isHTML:NO];
if (controller) [self presentModalViewController:controller animated:YES];
[controller release];
然后用户完成工作,您及时获得委托回调:
- (void)mailComposeController:(MFMailComposeViewController*)controller
didFinishWithResult:(MFMailComposeResult)result
error:(NSError*)error;
{
if (result == MFMailComposeResultSent) {
NSLog(@"It's away!");
}
[self dismissModalViewControllerAnimated:YES];
}
记得检查设备是否配置为发送电子邮件:
if ([MFMailComposeViewController canSendMail]) {
// Show the composer
} else {
// Handle the error
}
MFMailComposeViewController 是 iPhone OS 3.0 软件发布后要走的路。您可以查看 sample code 或 tutorial I wrote。
我想在这里补充几点:
由于 mail.app 未安装在模拟器上,因此无法在模拟器中使用 mailto URL。它确实适用于设备。 mailto URL 的长度有限制。如果 URL 大于 4096 个字符,mail.app 将不会启动。 OS 3.0 中有一个新类,可让您在不离开应用程序的情况下发送电子邮件。请参阅 MFMailComposeViewController 类。
如果您想从您的应用程序发送电子邮件,除非您在应用程序中编写自己的邮件客户端 (SMTP),或者让服务器为您发送邮件,否则上述代码是唯一的方法。
例如,您可以编写应用程序以调用服务器上的 URL,该 URL 将为您发送邮件。然后,您只需从代码中调用 URL。
请注意,使用上面的代码,您无法将任何内容附加到电子邮件中,SMTP 客户端方法以及服务器端方法都允许您这样做。
下面的代码在我的应用程序中用于发送带有附件的电子邮件,附件是图像。您可以发送任何类型的文件,唯一要记住的是您必须指定正确的“mimeType”
将此添加到您的 .h 文件中
#import <MessageUI/MFMailComposeViewController.h>
将 MessageUI.framework 添加到您的项目文件中
NSArray *paths = SSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory,NSUserDomainMask, YES);
NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
NSString *getImagePath = [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"myGreenCard.png"];
MFMailComposeViewController* controller = [[MFMailComposeViewController alloc] init];
controller.mailComposeDelegate = self;
[controller setSubject:@"Green card application"];
[controller setMessageBody:@"Hi , <br/> This is my new latest designed green card." isHTML:YES];
[controller addAttachmentData:[NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:getImagePath] mimeType:@"png" fileName:@"My Green Card"];
if (controller)
[self presentModalViewController:controller animated:YES];
[controller release];
委托方式如下图
-(void)mailComposeController:(MFMailComposeViewController*)controller didFinishWithResult:(MFMailComposeResult)result error:(NSError*)error;
{
if (result == MFMailComposeResultSent) {
NSLog(@"It's away!");
}
[self dismissModalViewControllerAnimated:YES];
}
这是可以帮助您但不要忘记包含消息 ui 框架并包含委托方法 MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate 的代码
-(void)EmailButtonACtion{
if ([MFMailComposeViewController canSendMail])
{
MFMailComposeViewController *controller = [[MFMailComposeViewController alloc] init];
controller.mailComposeDelegate = self;
[controller.navigationBar setBackgroundImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"navigation_bg_iPhone.png"] forBarMetrics:UIBarMetricsDefault];
controller.navigationBar.tintColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:51.0/255.0 green:51.0/255.0 blue:51.0/255.0 alpha:1.0];
[controller setSubject:@""];
[controller setMessageBody:@" " isHTML:YES];
[controller setToRecipients:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"",nil]];
UIPasteboard *pasteboard = [UIPasteboard generalPasteboard];
UIImage *ui = resultimg.image;
pasteboard.image = ui;
NSData *imageData = [NSData dataWithData:UIImagePNGRepresentation(ui)];
[controller addAttachmentData:imageData mimeType:@"image/png" fileName:@" "];
[self presentViewController:controller animated:YES completion:NULL];
}
else{
UIAlertView *alert=[[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"alrt" message:nil delegate:self cancelButtonTitle:@"ok" otherButtonTitles: nil] ;
[alert show];
}
}
-(void)mailComposeController:(MFMailComposeViewController*)controller didFinishWithResult:(MFMailComposeResult)result error:(NSError*)error
{
[MailAlert show];
switch (result)
{
case MFMailComposeResultCancelled:
MailAlert.message = @"Email Cancelled";
break;
case MFMailComposeResultSaved:
MailAlert.message = @"Email Saved";
break;
case MFMailComposeResultSent:
MailAlert.message = @"Email Sent";
break;
case MFMailComposeResultFailed:
MailAlert.message = @"Email Failed";
break;
default:
MailAlert.message = @"Email Not Sent";
break;
}
[self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:NULL];
[MailAlert show];
}
斯威夫特 2.2。改编自 Esq's answer
import Foundation
import MessageUI
class MailSender: NSObject, MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate {
let parentVC: UIViewController
init(parentVC: UIViewController) {
self.parentVC = parentVC
super.init()
}
func send(title: String, messageBody: String, toRecipients: [String]) {
if MFMailComposeViewController.canSendMail() {
let mc: MFMailComposeViewController = MFMailComposeViewController()
mc.mailComposeDelegate = self
mc.setSubject(title)
mc.setMessageBody(messageBody, isHTML: false)
mc.setToRecipients(toRecipients)
parentVC.presentViewController(mc, animated: true, completion: nil)
} else {
print("No email account found.")
}
}
func mailComposeController(controller: MFMailComposeViewController,
didFinishWithResult result: MFMailComposeResult, error: NSError?) {
switch result.rawValue {
case MFMailComposeResultCancelled.rawValue: print("Mail Cancelled")
case MFMailComposeResultSaved.rawValue: print("Mail Saved")
case MFMailComposeResultSent.rawValue: print("Mail Sent")
case MFMailComposeResultFailed.rawValue: print("Mail Failed")
default: break
}
parentVC.dismissViewControllerAnimated(false, completion: nil)
}
}
客户端代码:
var ms: MailSender?
@IBAction func onSendPressed(sender: AnyObject) {
ms = MailSender(parentVC: self)
let title = "Title"
let messageBody = "https://stackoverflow.com/questions/310946/how-can-i-send-mail-from-an-iphone-application this question."
let toRecipents = ["foo@bar.com"]
ms?.send(title, messageBody: messageBody, toRecipents: toRecipents)
}
要从 iPhone 应用程序发送电子邮件,您需要执行以下任务列表。
第 1 步:导入#import <MessageUI/MessageUI.h>
在您要发送电子邮件的控制器类中。
第 2 步:将委托添加到您的控制器,如下所示
@interface <yourControllerName> : UIViewController <MFMessageComposeViewControllerDelegate, MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate>
第 3 步:添加以下发送电子邮件的方法。
- (void) sendEmail {
// Check if your app support the email.
if ([MFMailComposeViewController canSendMail]) {
// Create an object of mail composer.
MFMailComposeViewController *mailComposer = [[MFMailComposeViewController alloc] init];
// Add delegate to your self.
mailComposer.mailComposeDelegate = self;
// Add recipients to mail if you do not want to add default recipient then remove below line.
[mailComposer setToRecipients:@[<add here your recipient objects>]];
// Write email subject.
[mailComposer setSubject:@“<Your Subject Here>”];
// Set your email body and if body contains HTML then Pass “YES” in isHTML.
[mailComposer setMessageBody:@“<Your Message Body>” isHTML:NO];
// Show your mail composer.
[self presentViewController:mailComposer animated:YES completion:NULL];
}
else {
// Here you can show toast to user about not support to sending email.
}
}
第 4 步:实现 MFMailComposeViewController 委托
- (void)mailComposeController:(MFMailComposeViewController *)controller didFinishWithResult:(MFMailComposeResult)result error:(nullable NSError *)error {
[controller dismissViewControllerAnimated:TRUE completion:nil];
switch (result) {
case MFMailComposeResultSaved: {
// Add code on save mail to draft.
break;
}
case MFMailComposeResultSent: {
// Add code on sent a mail.
break;
}
case MFMailComposeResultCancelled: {
// Add code on cancel a mail.
break;
}
case MFMailComposeResultFailed: {
// Add code on failed to send a mail.
break;
}
default:
break;
}
}
斯威夫特 2.0
func mailComposeController(controller: MFMailComposeViewController, didFinishWithResult result: MFMailComposeResult, error: NSError?){
if let error = error{
print("Error: \(error)")
}else{
//NO Error
//------------------------------------------------
var feedbackMsg = ""
switch result.rawValue {
case MFMailComposeResultCancelled.rawValue:
feedbackMsg = "Mail Cancelled"
case MFMailComposeResultSaved.rawValue:
feedbackMsg = "Mail Saved"
case MFMailComposeResultSent.rawValue:
feedbackMsg = "Mail Sent"
case MFMailComposeResultFailed.rawValue:
feedbackMsg = "Mail Failed"
default:
feedbackMsg = ""
}
print("Mail: \(feedbackMsg)")
//------------------------------------------------
}
}
这是一个 Swift 版本:
import MessageUI
class YourVC: UIViewController {
override func viewDidLoad() {
super.viewDidLoad()
if MFMailComposeViewController.canSendMail() {
var emailTitle = "Vea Software Feedback"
var messageBody = "Vea Software! :) "
var toRecipents = ["pj@veasoftware.com"]
var mc:MFMailComposeViewController = MFMailComposeViewController()
mc.mailComposeDelegate = self
mc.setSubject(emailTitle)
mc.setMessageBody(messageBody, isHTML: false)
mc.setToRecipients(toRecipents)
self.presentViewController(mc, animated: true, completion: nil)
} else {
println("No email account found")
}
}
}
extension YourVC: MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate {
func mailComposeController(controller: MFMailComposeViewController!, didFinishWithResult result: MFMailComposeResult, error: NSError!) {
switch result.value {
case MFMailComposeResultCancelled.value:
println("Mail Cancelled")
case MFMailComposeResultSaved.value:
println("Mail Saved")
case MFMailComposeResultSent.value:
println("Mail Sent")
case MFMailComposeResultFailed.value:
println("Mail Failed")
default:
break
}
self.dismissViewControllerAnimated(false, completion: nil)
}
}
我编写了一个名为 KRNSendEmail 的简单包装器,它简化了将电子邮件发送到一个方法调用的过程。
KRNSendEmail 有很好的文档记录并添加到 CocoaPods。
https://github.com/ulian-onua/KRNSendEmail
不定期副业成功案例分享
presentModalViewController:animated:
和dismissModalViewControllerAnimated:
已被标记为已弃用 - 而应使用基于块的替换方法presentViewController:animated:completion:
和dismissViewControllerAnimated:completion:
。@interface viewController : UIViewController <MFMailComposeViewControllerDelegate>
中设置委托[self presentModalViewController:controller animated:YES];
替换为[self presentViewController:controller animated:YES completion:nil];
和[self dismissModalViewControllerAnimated:YES];
替换为[self dismissViewControllerAnimated:YES completion:nil];