I have a question about if - else structure in a batch file. Each command runs individually, but I couldn't use "if - else" blocks safely so these parts of my programme doesn't work. How can I do make these parts run? Thank you.
IF %F%==1 IF %C%==1 (
::copying the file c to d
copy "%sourceFile%" "%destinationFile%"
)
ELSE IF %F%==1 IF %C%==0 (
::moving the file c to d
move "%sourceFile%" "%destinationFile%"
)
ELSE IF %F%==0 IF %C%==1 (
::copying a directory c from d, /s: boş olanlar hariç, /e:boş olanlar dahil
xcopy "%sourceCopyDirectory%" "%destinationCopyDirectory%" /s/e
)
ELSE IF %F%==0 IF %C%==0 (
::moving a directory
xcopy /E "%sourceMoveDirectory%" "%destinationMoveDirectory%"
rd /s /q "%sourceMoveDirectory%"
)
{}
button; it helps to make posts more readable and avoids some problems with the mark-up. In answer to your question, it does now! When writing a question there's a preview below so you can see how it will look once posted.
multiple commands
in one if
can also see this post: stackoverflow.com/questions/13692916/…
Your syntax is incorrect. You can't use ELSE IF
. It appears that you don't really need it anyway. Simply use multiple IF
statements:
IF %F%==1 IF %C%==1 (
::copying the file c to d
copy "%sourceFile%" "%destinationFile%"
)
IF %F%==1 IF %C%==0 (
::moving the file c to d
move "%sourceFile%" "%destinationFile%"
)
IF %F%==0 IF %C%==1 (
::copying a directory c from d, /s: boş olanlar hariç, /e:boş olanlar dahil
xcopy "%sourceCopyDirectory%" "%destinationCopyDirectory%" /s/e
)
IF %F%==0 IF %C%==0 (
::moving a directory
xcopy /E "%sourceMoveDirectory%" "%destinationMoveDirectory%"
rd /s /q "%sourceMoveDirectory%"
)
Great batch file reference: http://ss64.com/nt/if.html
I think in the question and in some of the answers there is a bit of confusion about the meaning of this pseudocode in DOS: IF A IF B X ELSE Y. It does not mean IF(A and B) THEN X ELSE Y, but in fact means IF A( IF B THEN X ELSE Y). If the test of A fails, then he whole of the inner if-else will be ignored.
As one of the answers mentioned, in this case only one of the tests can succeed so the 'else' is not needed, but of course that only works in this example, it isn't a general solution for doing if-else.
There are lots of ways around this. Here is a few ideas, all are quite ugly but hey, this is (or at least was) DOS!
@echo off
set one=1
set two=2
REM Example 1
IF %one%_%two%==1_1 (
echo Example 1 fails
) ELSE IF %one%_%two%==1_2 (
echo Example 1 works correctly
) ELSE (
echo Example 1 fails
)
REM Example 2
set test1result=0
set test2result=0
if %one%==1 if %two%==1 set test1result=1
if %one%==1 if %two%==2 set test2result=1
IF %test1result%==1 (
echo Example 2 fails
) ELSE IF %test2result%==1 (
echo Example 2 works correctly
) ELSE (
echo Example 2 fails
)
REM Example 3
if %one%==1 if %two%==1 (
echo Example 3 fails
goto :endoftests
)
if %one%==1 if %two%==2 (
echo Example 3 works correctly
goto :endoftests
)
echo Example 3 fails
)
:endoftests
set
don't need percent signs; should be set one=1
AFAIK you can't do an if else
in batch like you can in other languages, it has to be nested if
's.
Using nested if
's your batch would look like
IF %F%==1 IF %C%==1(
::copying the file c to d
copy "%sourceFile%" "%destinationFile%"
) ELSE (
IF %F%==1 IF %C%==0(
::moving the file c to d
move "%sourceFile%" "%destinationFile%"
) ELSE (
IF %F%==0 IF %C%==1(
::copying a directory c from d, /s: boş olanlar hariç, /e:boş olanlar dahil
xcopy "%sourceCopyDirectory%" "%destinationCopyDirectory%" /s/e
) ELSE (
IF %F%==0 IF %C%==0(
::moving a directory
xcopy /E "%sourceMoveDirectory%" "%destinationMoveDirectory%"
rd /s /q "%sourceMoveDirectory%"
)
)
)
)
or as James suggested, chain your if
's, however I think the proper syntax is
IF %F%==1 IF %C%==1(
::copying the file c to d
copy "%sourceFile%" "%destinationFile%"
)
if else
, especially in C-like languages is just a nested if
too. You don't have to nest them with blocks in batch files either.
else if
combo is just a nested if
but I didn't think you could use those keywords together in batch like you can in C languages.
here is how I handled if else if situation
if %env%==dev (
echo "dev env selected selected"
) else (
if %env%==prod (
echo "prod env selected"
)
)
Note it is not the same as if-elseif block as the other programming languages like C++ or Java but it will do what you need to do
I believe you can use something such as
if ___ (
do this
) else if ___ (
do this
)
do foo
and do bar
.
IF (test) (command) ELSE IF (test) (command)
, you are implying IF (test) (command) ELSE (IF (test) (command))
. This may work sometimes, but if you believe it is an actual programming structure acceptable in DOS then it's going to be a PITA to troubleshoot when it fails.
A little bit late and perhaps still good for complex if-conditions, because I would like to add a "done" parameter to keep a if-then-else structure:
set done=0
if %F%==1 if %C%==0 (set done=1 & echo found F=1 and C=0: %F% + %C%)
if %F%==2 if %C%==0 (set done=1 & echo found F=2 and C=0: %F% + %C%)
if %F%==3 if %C%==0 (set done=1 & echo found F=3 and C=0: %F% + %C%)
if %done%==0 (echo do something)
IF...ELSE IF
constructs work very well in batch files, in particular when you use only one conditional expression on each IF line:
IF %F%==1 (
::copying the file c to d
copy "%sourceFile%1" "%destinationFile1%"
) ELSE IF %F%==0 (
::moving the file e to f
move "%sourceFile2%" "%destinationFile2%" )
In your example you use IF...AND...IF
type construct, where 2 conditions must be met simultaneously. In this case you can still use IF...ELSE IF
construct, but with extra parentheses to avoid uncertainty for the next ELSE condition:
IF %F%==1 (IF %C%==1 (
::copying the file c to d
copy "%sourceFile1%" "%destinationFile1%" )
) ELSE IF %F%==1 (IF %C%==0 (
::moving the file e to f
move "%sourceFile2%" "%destinationFile2%"))
The above construct is equivalent to:
IF %F%==1 (
IF %C%==1 (
::copying the file c to d
copy "%sourceFile1%" "%destinationFile1%"
) ELSE IF %C%==0 (
::moving the file e to f
move "%sourceFile2%" "%destinationFile2%"))
Processing sequence of batch commands depends on CMD.exe parsing order. Just make sure your construct follows that logical order, and as a rule it will work. If your batch script is processed by Cmd.exe without errors, it means this is the correct (i.e. supported by your OS Cmd.exe version) construct, even if someone said otherwise.
Here's my code Example for if..else..if which do the following
Prompt user for Process Name
If the process name is invalid Then it's write to user
Error : The Processor above doesn't seem to be exist
if the process name is services Then it's write to user
Error : You can't kill the Processor above
if the process name is valid and not services Then it's write to user
the process has been killed via taskill
so i called it Process killer.bat Here's my Code:
@echo off
:Start
Rem preparing the batch
cls
Title Processor Killer
Color 0B
Echo Type Processor name to kill It (Without ".exe")
set /p ProcessorTokill=%=%
:tasklist
tasklist|find /i "%ProcessorTokill%.exe">nul & if errorlevel 1 (
REM check if the process name is invalid
Cls
Title %ProcessorTokill% Not Found
Color 0A
echo %ProcessorTokill%
echo Error : The Processor above doesn't seem to be exist
) else if %ProcessorTokill%==services (
REM check if the process name is services and doesn't kill it
Cls
Color 0c
Title Permission denied
echo "%ProcessorTokill%.exe"
echo Error : You can't kill the Processor above
) else (
REM if the process name is valid and not services
Cls
Title %ProcessorTokill% Found
Color 0e
echo %ProcessorTokill% Found
ping localhost -n 2 -w 1000>nul
echo Killing %ProcessorTokill% ...
taskkill /f /im %ProcessorTokill%.exe /t>nul
echo %ProcessorTokill% Killed...
)
pause>nul
REM If else if Template
REM if thing1 (
REM Command here 2 !
REM ) else if thing2 (
REM command here 2 !
REM ) else (
REM command here 3 !
REM )
Success story sharing
&&
in multipleif
conditions, see my alternative syntax?IF condition1 IF condition 2
ELSE IF
? It works fine under Win7. See example: paste2.org/G8tMae92