最近发布了一个关于 HttpClient
over Https (found here) 的问题。我已经取得了一些进展,但我遇到了新问题。与我的上一个问题一样,我似乎无法在任何地方找到适合我的示例。基本上,我希望我的客户接受任何证书(因为我只指向一个服务器)但我一直得到一个 javax.net.ssl.SSLException: Not trusted server certificate exception.
所以这就是我所拥有的:
public void connect() throws A_WHOLE_BUNCH_OF_EXCEPTIONS {
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(new URI(PROD_URL));
post.setEntity(new StringEntity(BODY));
KeyStore trusted = KeyStore.getInstance("BKS");
trusted.load(null, "".toCharArray());
SSLSocketFactory sslf = new SSLSocketFactory(trusted);
sslf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
SchemeRegistry schemeRegistry = new SchemeRegistry();
schemeRegistry.register(new Scheme ("https", sslf, 443));
SingleClientConnManager cm = new SingleClientConnManager(post.getParams(),
schemeRegistry);
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient(cm, post.getParams());
HttpResponse result = client.execute(post);
}
这是我得到的错误:
W/System.err( 901): javax.net.ssl.SSLException: Not trusted server certificate
W/System.err( 901): at org.apache.harmony.xnet.provider.jsse.OpenSSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(OpenSSLSocketImpl.java:360)
W/System.err( 901): at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.AbstractVerifier.verify(AbstractVerifier.java:92)
W/System.err( 901): at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory.connectSocket(SSLSocketFactory.java:321)
W/System.err( 901): at org.apache.http.impl.conn.DefaultClientConnectionOperator.openConnection(DefaultClientConnectionOperator.java:129)
W/System.err( 901): at org.apache.http.impl.conn.AbstractPoolEntry.open(AbstractPoolEntry.java:164)
W/System.err( 901): at org.apache.http.impl.conn.AbstractPooledConnAdapter.open(AbstractPooledConnAdapter.java:119)
W/System.err( 901): at org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultRequestDirector.execute(DefaultRequestDirector.java:348)
W/System.err( 901): at org.apache.http.impl.client.AbstractHttpClient.execute(AbstractHttpClient.java:555)
W/System.err( 901): at org.apache.http.impl.client.AbstractHttpClient.execute(AbstractHttpClient.java:487)
W/System.err( 901): at org.apache.http.impl.client.AbstractHttpClient.execute(AbstractHttpClient.java:465)
W/System.err( 901): at me.harrisonlee.test.ssl.MainActivity.connect(MainActivity.java:129)
W/System.err( 901): at me.harrisonlee.test.ssl.MainActivity.access$0(MainActivity.java:77)
W/System.err( 901): at me.harrisonlee.test.ssl.MainActivity$2.run(MainActivity.java:49)
W/System.err( 901): Caused by: java.security.cert.CertificateException: java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException: the trust anchors set is empty
W/System.err( 901): at org.apache.harmony.xnet.provider.jsse.TrustManagerImpl.checkServerTrusted(TrustManagerImpl.java:157)
W/System.err( 901): at org.apache.harmony.xnet.provider.jsse.OpenSSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(OpenSSLSocketImpl.java:355)
W/System.err( 901): ... 12 more
W/System.err( 901): Caused by: java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException: the trust anchors set is empty
W/System.err( 901): at java.security.cert.PKIXParameters.checkTrustAnchors(PKIXParameters.java:645)
W/System.err( 901): at java.security.cert.PKIXParameters.<init>(PKIXParameters.java:89)
W/System.err( 901): at org.apache.harmony.xnet.provider.jsse.TrustManagerImpl.<init>(TrustManagerImpl.java:89)
W/System.err( 901): at org.apache.harmony.xnet.provider.jsse.TrustManagerFactoryImpl.engineGetTrustManagers(TrustManagerFactoryImpl.java:134)
W/System.err( 901): at javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory.getTrustManagers(TrustManagerFactory.java:226)W/System.err( 901): at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory.createTrustManagers(SSLSocketFactory.java:263)
W/System.err( 901): at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory.<init>(SSLSocketFactory.java:190)
W/System.err( 901): at org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory.<init>(SSLSocketFactory.java:216)
W/System.err( 901): at me.harrisonlee.test.ssl.MainActivity.connect(MainActivity.java:107)
W/System.err( 901): ... 2 more
您基本上有四种潜在的解决方案来使用 httpclient 修复 Android 上的“不可信”异常:
信任所有证书。不要这样做,除非你真的知道你在做什么。创建一个仅信任您的证书的自定义 SSLSocketFactory。只要您确切地知道要连接到哪些服务器,这就会起作用,但是一旦您需要使用不同的 SSL 证书连接到新服务器,您就需要更新您的应用程序。创建一个包含 Android 证书“主列表”的密钥库文件,然后添加您自己的。如果这些证书中的任何一个过期,您有责任在您的应用程序中更新它们。我想不出这样做的理由。创建一个使用内置证书 KeyStore 的自定义 SSLSocketFactory,但对于无法使用默认值验证的任何内容,将使用备用 KeyStore。
这个答案使用了解决方案#4,在我看来它是最强大的。
解决方案是使用可以接受多个 KeyStore 的 SSLSocketFactory,允许您使用自己的证书提供自己的 KeyStore。这允许您加载其他顶级证书,例如某些 Android 设备上可能缺少的 Thawte。它还允许您加载自己的自签名证书。它将首先使用内置的默认设备证书,并仅在必要时使用您的附加证书。
首先,您需要确定您的 KeyStore 中缺少哪个证书。运行以下命令:
openssl s_client -connect www.yourserver.com:443
您将看到如下输出:
Certificate chain
0 s:/O=www.yourserver.com/OU=Go to
https://www.thawte.com/repository/index.html/OU=Thawte SSL123
certificate/OU=Domain Validated/CN=www.yourserver.com
i:/C=US/O=Thawte, Inc./OU=Domain Validated SSL/CN=Thawte DV SSL CA
1 s:/C=US/O=Thawte, Inc./OU=Domain Validated SSL/CN=Thawte DV SSL CA
i:/C=US/O=thawte, Inc./OU=Certification Services Division/OU=(c)
2006 thawte, Inc. - For authorized use only/CN=thawte Primary Root CA
如您所见,我们的根证书来自 Thawte。访问您的提供商的网站并找到相应的证书。对我们来说,它是 here,您可以看到我们需要的是版权 2006。
如果您使用的是自签名证书,则无需执行上一步,因为您已经拥有签名证书。
然后,创建一个包含缺少的签名证书的密钥库文件。 Crazybob 有 details how to do this on Android,但想法是执行以下操作:
如果您还没有,请从 http://www.bouncycastle.org/latest_releases.html 下载充气城堡提供程序库。这将在下面的类路径中进行。
运行命令以从服务器中提取证书并创建 pem 文件。在这种情况下,mycert.pem。
echo | openssl s_client -connect ${MY_SERVER}:443 2>&1 | \
sed -ne '/-BEGIN CERTIFICATE-/,/-END CERTIFICATE-/p' > mycert.pem
然后运行以下命令来创建密钥库。
export CLASSPATH=/path/to/bouncycastle/bcprov-jdk15on-155.jar
CERTSTORE=res/raw/mystore.bks
if [ -a $CERTSTORE ]; then
rm $CERTSTORE || exit 1
fi
keytool \
-import \
-v \
-trustcacerts \
-alias 0 \
-file <(openssl x509 -in mycert.pem) \
-keystore $CERTSTORE \
-storetype BKS \
-provider org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider \
-providerpath /path/to/bouncycastle/bcprov-jdk15on-155.jar \
-storepass some-password
您会注意到上面的脚本将结果放在 res/raw/mystore.bks
中。现在您有一个文件,您将加载到您的 Android 应用程序中,该文件提供缺少的证书。
为此,请为 SSL 方案注册 SSLSocketFactory:
final SchemeRegistry schemeRegistry = new SchemeRegistry();
schemeRegistry.register(new Scheme("http", PlainSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(), 80));
schemeRegistry.register(new Scheme("https", createAdditionalCertsSSLSocketFactory(), 443));
// and then however you create your connection manager, I use ThreadSafeClientConnManager
final HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();
...
final ThreadSafeClientConnManager cm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(params,schemeRegistry);
创建 SSLSocketFactory:
protected org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory createAdditionalCertsSSLSocketFactory() {
try {
final KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("BKS");
// the bks file we generated above
final InputStream in = context.getResources().openRawResource( R.raw.mystore);
try {
// don't forget to put the password used above in strings.xml/mystore_password
ks.load(in, context.getString( R.string.mystore_password ).toCharArray());
} finally {
in.close();
}
return new AdditionalKeyStoresSSLSocketFactory(ks);
} catch( Exception e ) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
最后是 AdditionalKeyStoresSSLSocketFactory 代码,它接受新的 KeyStore 并检查内置 KeyStore 是否无法验证 SSL 证书:
/**
* Allows you to trust certificates from additional KeyStores in addition to
* the default KeyStore
*/
public class AdditionalKeyStoresSSLSocketFactory extends SSLSocketFactory {
protected SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
public AdditionalKeyStoresSSLSocketFactory(KeyStore keyStore) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException, KeyStoreException, UnrecoverableKeyException {
super(null, null, null, null, null, null);
sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[]{new AdditionalKeyStoresTrustManager(keyStore)}, null);
}
@Override
public Socket createSocket(Socket socket, String host, int port, boolean autoClose) throws IOException {
return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket(socket, host, port, autoClose);
}
@Override
public Socket createSocket() throws IOException {
return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket();
}
/**
* Based on http://download.oracle.com/javase/1.5.0/docs/guide/security/jsse/JSSERefGuide.html#X509TrustManager
*/
public static class AdditionalKeyStoresTrustManager implements X509TrustManager {
protected ArrayList<X509TrustManager> x509TrustManagers = new ArrayList<X509TrustManager>();
protected AdditionalKeyStoresTrustManager(KeyStore... additionalkeyStores) {
final ArrayList<TrustManagerFactory> factories = new ArrayList<TrustManagerFactory>();
try {
// The default Trustmanager with default keystore
final TrustManagerFactory original = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
original.init((KeyStore) null);
factories.add(original);
for( KeyStore keyStore : additionalkeyStores ) {
final TrustManagerFactory additionalCerts = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
additionalCerts.init(keyStore);
factories.add(additionalCerts);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
/*
* Iterate over the returned trustmanagers, and hold on
* to any that are X509TrustManagers
*/
for (TrustManagerFactory tmf : factories)
for( TrustManager tm : tmf.getTrustManagers() )
if (tm instanceof X509TrustManager)
x509TrustManagers.add( (X509TrustManager)tm );
if( x509TrustManagers.size()==0 )
throw new RuntimeException("Couldn't find any X509TrustManagers");
}
/*
* Delegate to the default trust manager.
*/
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
final X509TrustManager defaultX509TrustManager = x509TrustManagers.get(0);
defaultX509TrustManager.checkClientTrusted(chain, authType);
}
/*
* Loop over the trustmanagers until we find one that accepts our server
*/
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
for( X509TrustManager tm : x509TrustManagers ) {
try {
tm.checkServerTrusted(chain,authType);
return;
} catch( CertificateException e ) {
// ignore
}
}
throw new CertificateException();
}
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
final ArrayList<X509Certificate> list = new ArrayList<X509Certificate>();
for( X509TrustManager tm : x509TrustManagers )
list.addAll(Arrays.asList(tm.getAcceptedIssuers()));
return list.toArray(new X509Certificate[list.size()]);
}
}
}
注意:不要在你不完全信任的网络上使用的生产代码中实现这一点。尤其是任何通过公共互联网传播的东西。
你的问题正是我想知道的。经过一番搜索,结论如下。
在 HttpClient 方式中,您应该从 org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory 创建一个自定义类,而不是一个 org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory 本身。在这篇文章 Custom SSL handling stopped working on Android 2.2 FroYo 中可以找到一些线索。
一个例子就像...
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.KeyStoreException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.UnrecoverableKeyException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
public class MySSLSocketFactory extends SSLSocketFactory {
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
public MySSLSocketFactory(KeyStore truststore) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException, KeyStoreException, UnrecoverableKeyException {
super(truststore);
TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
}
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
}
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
};
sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);
}
@Override
public Socket createSocket(Socket socket, String host, int port, boolean autoClose) throws IOException, UnknownHostException {
return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket(socket, host, port, autoClose);
}
@Override
public Socket createSocket() throws IOException {
return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket();
}
}
并在创建 HttpClient 实例时使用此类。
public HttpClient getNewHttpClient() {
try {
KeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
trustStore.load(null, null);
MySSLSocketFactory sf = new MySSLSocketFactory(trustStore);
sf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();
HttpProtocolParams.setVersion(params, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1);
HttpProtocolParams.setContentCharset(params, HTTP.UTF_8);
SchemeRegistry registry = new SchemeRegistry();
registry.register(new Scheme("http", PlainSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(), 80));
registry.register(new Scheme("https", sf, 443));
ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(params, registry);
return new DefaultHttpClient(ccm, params);
} catch (Exception e) {
return new DefaultHttpClient();
}
}
顺便说一句,下面的链接适用于正在寻找 HttpURLConnection 解决方案的人。 Https Connection Android
我已经在 froyo 上测试了上述两种解决方案,它们在我的案例中都非常有效。最后,使用 HttpURLConnection 可能会面临重定向问题,但这超出了主题。
注意:在决定信任所有证书之前,您可能应该完全了解该站点,并且不会对最终用户造成危害。
确实,应该仔细考虑您所承担的风险,包括我深表感谢的以下评论中提到的黑客模拟站点的影响。在某些情况下,尽管可能很难处理所有证书,但您最好了解信任所有证书的隐含缺点。
getAcceptedIssuers()
不允许返回 null。
在 HttpsURLConnection
之前添加此代码即可完成。我知道了。
private void trustEveryone() {
try {
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier(){
public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) {
return true;
}});
SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
context.init(null, new X509TrustManager[]{new X509TrustManager(){
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
String authType) throws CertificateException {}
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
String authType) throws CertificateException {}
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return new X509Certificate[0];
}}}, new SecureRandom());
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(
context.getSocketFactory());
} catch (Exception e) { // should never happen
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
我希望这可以帮助你。
这是一个坏主意。信任任何证书只(非常)比完全不使用 SSL 稍微好一点。当您说“我希望我的客户接受任何证书(因为我只指向一台服务器)”时,您假设这意味着以某种方式指向“一台服务器”是安全的,它不在公共网络上。
通过信任任何证书,您完全可以接受中间人攻击。任何人都可以通过与您和终端服务器建立单独的 SSL 连接来代理您的连接。然后,MITM 可以访问您的整个请求和响应。除非您一开始并不真的需要 SSL(您的消息没有任何敏感信息,并且不进行身份验证),否则您不应该盲目地信任所有证书。
您应该考虑使用 keytool 将公共证书添加到 jks,并使用它来构建您的套接字工厂,例如:
KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
// get user password and file input stream
char[] password = ("mykspassword")).toCharArray();
ClassLoader cl = this.getClass().getClassLoader();
InputStream stream = cl.getResourceAsStream("myjks.jks");
ks.load(stream, password);
stream.close();
SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
KeyManagerFactory kmf = KeyManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");
TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance("SunX509");
kmf.init(ks, password);
tmf.init(ks);
sc.init(kmf.getKeyManagers(), tmf.getTrustManagers(),null);
return sc.getSocketFactory();
这有一个需要注意的警告。证书最终会过期,届时代码将停止工作。您可以通过查看证书轻松确定何时会发生这种情况。
SSLContext.init). You should also use the default algorithms (KMF/TMF.getDefaultAlgorithm() ), instead of hard-coding
SunX509 中使用 null
(更是如此,因为 TMF 的默认值实际上是 Sun 上的 PKIX
/Oracle JVM)。
myjks.jks
来自哪里?
从 API 8 开始,您可以通过这种方式禁用 HttpURLConnection SSL 检查以进行测试:
HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
if (conn instanceof HttpsURLConnection) {
HttpsURLConnection httpsConn = (HttpsURLConnection) conn;
httpsConn.setSSLSocketFactory(SSLCertificateSocketFactory.getInsecure(0, null));
httpsConn.setHostnameVerifier(new AllowAllHostnameVerifier());
}
org.apache.http.conn.ssl.AllowAllHostnameVerifier
已弃用。
上面 https://stackoverflow.com/a/6378872/1553004 中的代码是正确的,除了它还必须调用主机名验证器:
@Override
public Socket createSocket(Socket socket, String host, int port, boolean autoClose) throws IOException {
SSLSocket sslSocket = (SSLSocket)sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket(socket, host, port, autoClose);
getHostnameVerifier().verify(host, sslSocket);
return sslSocket;
}
我特地注册了 stackoverflow 以添加此修复程序。注意我的警告!
HttpComponents 的 API 已更改。它适用于下面的代码。
public static HttpClient getTestHttpClient() {
try {
SSLSocketFactory sf = new SSLSocketFactory(new TrustStrategy(){
@Override
public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
String authType) throws CertificateException {
return true;
}
}, new AllowAllHostnameVerifier());
SchemeRegistry registry = new SchemeRegistry();
registry.register(new Scheme("https",8444, sf));
ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(registry);
return new DefaultHttpClient(ccm);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return new DefaultHttpClient();
}
}
我正在为使用 httpclient-4.5 的用户添加响应,并且可能也适用于 4.4。
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpResponseException;
import org.apache.http.client.fluent.ContentResponseHandler;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.NoopHostnameVerifier;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustStrategy;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;
public class HttpClientUtils{
public static HttpClient getHttpClientWithoutSslValidation_UsingHttpClient_4_5_2() {
try {
SSLContextBuilder builder = new SSLContextBuilder();
builder.loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy() {
@Override
public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
return true;
}
});
SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(builder.build(), new NoopHostnameVerifier());
CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf).build();
return httpclient;
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
}
信任所有证书对我来说并不是真正的选择,因此我执行了以下操作以使 HttpsURLConnection 信任新证书(另请参阅 http://nelenkov.blogspot.jp/2011/12/using-custom-certificate-trust-store-on.html)。
获得证书;我通过在 Firefox 中导出证书来完成此操作(单击小锁图标,获取证书详细信息,单击导出),然后使用 portecle 导出信任库(BKS)。使用以下代码从 /res/raw/geotrust_cert.bks 加载信任库: final KeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance("BKS");最终 InputStream in = context.getResources().openRawResource(R.raw.geotrust_cert); trustStore.load(in, null);最终的 TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory .getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm()); tmf.init(trustStore);最终 SSLContext sslCtx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS"); sslCtx.init(null, tmf.getTrustManagers(), new java.security.SecureRandom()); HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sslCtx .getSocketFactory());
IOExceptionjavax.net.ssl.SSLPeerUnverifiedException: No peer certificate
。这是在上述设置完成后对 HttpClient 执行实际执行调用时。
这是一个使用 4.1.2 httpclient 代码的非常简单的版本。然后可以将其修改为您认为合适的任何信任算法。
public static HttpClient getTestHttpClient() {
try {
SSLSocketFactory sf = new SSLSocketFactory(new TrustStrategy(){
@Override
public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain,
String authType) throws CertificateException {
return true;
}
});
SchemeRegistry registry = new SchemeRegistry();
registry.register(new Scheme("https", 443, sf));
ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(registry);
return new DefaultHttpClient(ccm);
} catch (Exception e) {
return new DefaultHttpClient();
}
}
我看到了来自“emmby”的响应(2011 年 6 月 16 日 21:29 回答),第 4 项:“创建一个使用内置证书 KeyStore 的自定义 SSLSocketFactory,但对于任何失败的事情都依赖备用 KeyStore用默认值进行验证。”
这是一个简化的实现。加载系统密钥库并与应用程序密钥库合并。
public HttpClient getNewHttpClient() {
try {
InputStream in = null;
// Load default system keystore
KeyStore trusted = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
try {
in = new BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(System.getProperty("javax.net.ssl.trustStore"))); // Normally: "/system/etc/security/cacerts.bks"
trusted.load(in, null); // no password is "changeit"
} finally {
if (in != null) {
in.close();
in = null;
}
}
// Load application keystore & merge with system
try {
KeyStore appTrusted = KeyStore.getInstance("BKS");
in = context.getResources().openRawResource(R.raw.mykeystore);
appTrusted.load(in, null); // no password is "changeit"
for (Enumeration<String> e = appTrusted.aliases(); e.hasMoreElements();) {
final String alias = e.nextElement();
final KeyStore.Entry entry = appTrusted.getEntry(alias, null);
trusted.setEntry(System.currentTimeMillis() + ":" + alias, entry, null);
}
} finally {
if (in != null) {
in.close();
in = null;
}
}
HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();
HttpProtocolParams.setVersion(params, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1);
HttpProtocolParams.setContentCharset(params, HTTP.UTF_8);
SSLSocketFactory sf = new SSLSocketFactory(trusted);
sf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
SchemeRegistry registry = new SchemeRegistry();
registry.register(new Scheme("http", PlainSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(), 80));
registry.register(new Scheme("https", sf, 443));
ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(params, registry);
return new DefaultHttpClient(ccm, params);
} catch (Exception e) {
return new DefaultHttpClient();
}
}
从 JKS 转换为 BKS 的简单模式:
keytool -importkeystore -destkeystore cacerts.bks -deststoretype BKS -providerclass org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider -providerpath bcprov-jdk16-141.jar -deststorepass changeit -srcstorepass changeit -srckeystore $JAVA_HOME/jre/lib/security/cacerts -srcstoretype JKS -noprompt
*注意:在 Android 4.0 (ICS) 中,Trust Store 已更改,更多信息:http://nelenkov.blogspot.com.es/2011/12/ics-trust-store-implementation.html
对于那些希望允许所有证书通过 OAuth 工作(用于测试目的)的人,请按照以下步骤操作:
1) 在此处下载 Android OAuth API 的源代码:https://github.com/kaeppler/signpost
2)找到文件“CommonsHttpOAuthProvider”类
3) 更改如下:
public class CommonsHttpOAuthProvider extends AbstractOAuthProvider {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private transient HttpClient httpClient;
public CommonsHttpOAuthProvider(String requestTokenEndpointUrl, String accessTokenEndpointUrl,
String authorizationWebsiteUrl) {
super(requestTokenEndpointUrl, accessTokenEndpointUrl, authorizationWebsiteUrl);
//this.httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();//Version implemented and that throws the famous "javax.net.ssl.SSLException: Not trusted server certificate" if the certificate is not signed with a CA
this.httpClient = MySSLSocketFactory.getNewHttpClient();//This will work with all certificates (for testing purposes only)
}
上面的“MySSLSocketFactory”基于接受的答案。为了使它更容易,这里有完整的课程:
package com.netcomps.oauth_example;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.KeyStoreException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.UnrecoverableKeyException;
import java.security.cert.CertificateException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;
import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;
import org.apache.http.HttpVersion;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.conn.ClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.PlainSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.Scheme;
import org.apache.http.conn.scheme.SchemeRegistry;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.tsccm.ThreadSafeClientConnManager;
import org.apache.http.params.BasicHttpParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpParams;
import org.apache.http.params.HttpProtocolParams;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP;
//http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2642777/trusting-all-certificates-using-httpclient-over-https
public class MySSLSocketFactory extends SSLSocketFactory {
SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
public MySSLSocketFactory(KeyStore truststore) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyManagementException, KeyStoreException, UnrecoverableKeyException {
super(truststore);
TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {
@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
}
@Override
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException {
}
@Override
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
};
sslContext.init(null, new TrustManager[] { tm }, null);
}
@Override
public Socket createSocket(Socket socket, String host, int port, boolean autoClose) throws IOException, UnknownHostException {
return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket(socket, host, port, autoClose);
}
@Override
public Socket createSocket() throws IOException {
return sslContext.getSocketFactory().createSocket();
}
public static HttpClient getNewHttpClient() {
try {
KeyStore trustStore = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
trustStore.load(null, null);
SSLSocketFactory sf = new MySSLSocketFactory(trustStore);
sf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();
HttpProtocolParams.setVersion(params, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1);
HttpProtocolParams.setContentCharset(params, HTTP.UTF_8);
SchemeRegistry registry = new SchemeRegistry();
registry.register(new Scheme("http", PlainSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(), 80));
registry.register(new Scheme("https", sf, 443));
ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(params, registry);
return new DefaultHttpClient(ccm, params);
} catch (Exception e) {
return new DefaultHttpClient();
}
}
}
希望这可以帮助某人。
HttpClient
和 HTTPS;不是来自 GitHub 项目的适用于 Android 的 OAuth。
我使用了它,它适用于所有操作系统。
/**
* Disables the SSL certificate checking for new instances of {@link HttpsURLConnection} This has been created to
* aid testing on a local box, not for use on production.
*/
private static void disableSSLCertificateChecking() {
TrustManager[] trustAllCerts = new TrustManager[] { new X509TrustManager() {
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
@Override
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] arg0, String arg1) throws CertificateException {
// Not implemented
}
@Override
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] arg0, String arg1) throws CertificateException {
// Not implemented
}
} };
try {
SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
sc.init(null, trustAllCerts, new java.security.SecureRandom());
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory());
} catch (KeyManagementException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
这个用例有很多选择。如果您不想在代码库中包含任何自定义代码,例如自定义 TrustManager
或自定义 SSLSocketFactory
,我建议您尝试 GitHub - SSLContext Kickstart 和以下代码片段:
<dependency>
<groupId>io.github.hakky54</groupId>
<artifactId>sslcontext-kickstart</artifactId>
<version>7.0.2</version>
</dependency>
SSL 配置
SSLFactory sslFactory = SSLFactory.builder()
.withUnsafeTrustMaterial()
.withUnsafeHostnameVerifier()
.build();
SSLSocketFactory sslSocketFactory = sslFactory.getSslSocketFactory();
HttpClient 配置
HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();
HttpProtocolParams.setVersion(params, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1);
HttpProtocolParams.setContentCharset(params, HTTP.UTF_8);
SchemeRegistry registry = new SchemeRegistry();
registry.register(new Scheme("https", sslSocketFactory, 443));
ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(params, registry);
HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(ccm, params);
HttpsUrlConnection
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sslSocketFactory);
我还需要给出一些免责声明,我是图书馆的维护者。
sslSocketFactory
并将其提供给带有 .setSSLSocketFactory()
的 WebSocket 库 (nv-websocket-client)。对我来说唯一不同的是如何指定依赖关系 - 我的 build.gradle 文件有 dependencies{ implementation 'io.github.hakky54:sslcontext-kickstart:6.6.0' }
而不是这个答案中提供的 XML。感谢您的图书馆!
只需将 -Dtrust_all_cert=true
添加到 VM 参数即可。这个参数告诉 java 忽略证书检查。
任何仍在为 Android 2.1 上的 StartCom SSL 证书苦苦挣扎的机构,请访问 https://www.startssl.com/certs/ 并下载 ca.pem,现在在 @emmby 提供的 answer 中替换
`export CLASSPATH=bcprov-jdk16-145.jar
CERTSTORE=res/raw/mystore.bks
if [ -a $CERTSTORE ]; then
rm $CERTSTORE || exit 1
fi
keytool \
-import \
-v \
-trustcacerts \
-alias 0 \
-file <(openssl x509 -in mycert.pem) \
-keystore $CERTSTORE \
-storetype BKS \
-provider org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider \
-providerpath /usr/share/java/bcprov.jar \
-storepass some-password`
和
`export CLASSPATH=bcprov-jdk16-145.jar
CERTSTORE=res/raw/mystore.bks
if [ -a $CERTSTORE ]; then
rm $CERTSTORE || exit 1
fi
keytool \
-import \
-v \
-trustcacerts \
-alias 0 \
-file <(openssl x509 -in ca.pem) \
-keystore $CERTSTORE \
-storetype BKS \
-provider org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.BouncyCastleProvider \
-providerpath /usr/share/java/bcprov.jar \
-storepass some-password`
应该开箱即用。即使在@emmby给出完美答案之后,我也挣扎了一天多。希望这对某人有所帮助......
使用这个类
public class WCFs
{
// https://192.168.30.8/myservice.svc?wsdl
private static final String NAMESPACE = "http://tempuri.org/";
private static final String URL = "192.168.30.8";
private static final String SERVICE = "/myservice.svc?wsdl";
private static String SOAP_ACTION = "http://tempuri.org/iWCFserviceMe/";
public static Thread myMethod(Runnable rp)
{
String METHOD_NAME = "myMethod";
SoapObject request = new SoapObject(NAMESPACE, METHOD_NAME);
request.addProperty("Message", "Https WCF Running...");
return _call(rp,METHOD_NAME, request);
}
protected static HandlerThread _call(final RunProcess rp,final String METHOD_NAME, SoapObject soapReq)
{
final SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
int TimeOut = 5*1000;
envelope.dotNet = true;
envelope.bodyOut = soapReq;
envelope.setOutputSoapObject(soapReq);
final HttpsTransportSE httpTransport_net = new HttpsTransportSE(URL, 443, SERVICE, TimeOut);
try
{
HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(new HostnameVerifier() // use this section if crt file is handmake
{
@Override
public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session)
{
return true;
}
});
KeyStore k = getFromRaw(R.raw.key, "PKCS12", "password");
((HttpsServiceConnectionSE) httpTransport_net.getServiceConnection()).setSSLSocketFactory(getSSLSocketFactory(k, "SSL"));
}
catch(Exception e){}
HandlerThread thread = new HandlerThread("wcfTd"+ Generator.getRandomNumber())
{
@Override
public void run()
{
Handler h = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper());
Object response = null;
for(int i=0; i<4; i++)
{
response = send(envelope, httpTransport_net , METHOD_NAME, null);
try
{if(Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted()) return;}catch(Exception e){}
if(response != null)
break;
ThreadHelper.threadSleep(250);
}
if(response != null)
{
if(rp != null)
{
rp.setArguments(response.toString());
h.post(rp);
}
}
else
{
if(Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted())
return;
if(rp != null)
{
rp.setExceptionState(true);
h.post(rp);
}
}
ThreadHelper.stopThread(this);
}
};
thread.start();
return thread;
}
private static Object send(SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope, HttpTransportSE androidHttpTransport, String METHOD_NAME, List<HeaderProperty> headerList)
{
try
{
if(headerList != null)
androidHttpTransport.call(SOAP_ACTION + METHOD_NAME, envelope, headerList);
else
androidHttpTransport.call(SOAP_ACTION + METHOD_NAME, envelope);
Object res = envelope.getResponse();
if(res instanceof SoapPrimitive)
return (SoapPrimitive) envelope.getResponse();
else if(res instanceof SoapObject)
return ((SoapObject) envelope.getResponse());
}
catch(Exception e)
{}
return null;
}
public static KeyStore getFromRaw(@RawRes int id, String algorithm, String filePassword)
{
try
{
InputStream inputStream = ResourceMaster.openRaw(id);
KeyStore keystore = KeyStore.getInstance(algorithm);
keystore.load(inputStream, filePassword.toCharArray());
inputStream.close();
return keystore;
}
catch(Exception e)
{}
return null;
}
public static SSLSocketFactory getSSLSocketFactory(KeyStore trustKey, String SSLAlgorithm)
{
try
{
TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
tmf.init(trustKey);
SSLContext context = SSLContext.getInstance(SSLAlgorithm);//"SSL" "TLS"
context.init(null, tmf.getTrustManagers(), null);
return context.getSocketFactory();
}
catch(Exception e){}
return null;
}
}
xamarin android 中的 sspi 失败。
我找到了这个解决方案;在点击 HTTPS 链接之前输入此代码
const SslProtocols _Tls12 = (SslProtocols)0x00000C00;
const SecurityProtocolType Tls12 = (SecurityProtocolType)_Tls12;
ServicePointManager.SecurityProtocol = Tls12;
使用所有 https
httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String string) throws CertificateException { }
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String string) throws CertificateException { }
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
};
ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[]{tm}, null);
SSLSocketFactory ssf = new SSLSocketFactory(ctx, SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
httpClient.getConnectionManager().getSchemeRegistry().register(new Scheme("https", 443, ssf));
上面有很多答案,但我无法让它们中的任何一个正常工作(在我有限的时间里),所以对于处于相同情况的任何其他人,你可以尝试下面的代码,它非常适合我的 java 测试目的:
public static HttpClient wrapClient(HttpClient base) {
try {
SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String string) throws CertificateException { }
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String string) throws CertificateException { }
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
};
ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[]{tm}, null);
SSLSocketFactory ssf = new SSLSocketFactory(ctx);
ssf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
ClientConnectionManager ccm = base.getConnectionManager();
SchemeRegistry sr = ccm.getSchemeRegistry();
sr.register(new Scheme("https", ssf, 443));
return new DefaultHttpClient(ccm, base.getParams());
} catch (Exception ex) {
return null;
}
}
并调用:
DefaultHttpClient baseClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpClient httpClient = wrapClient(baseClient );
只需使用这个 -
public DefaultHttpClient wrapClient(HttpClient base) {
try {
SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
X509TrustManager tm = new X509TrustManager() {
public void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String string) throws CertificateException { }
public void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] xcs, String string) throws CertificateException { }
public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() {
return null;
}
};
ctx.init(null, new TrustManager[]{tm}, null);
SSLSocketFactory ssf = new SSLSocketFactory(ctx);
ssf.setHostnameVerifier(SSLSocketFactory.ALLOW_ALL_HOSTNAME_VERIFIER);
ClientConnectionManager ccm = base.getConnectionManager();
SchemeRegistry sr = ccm.getSchemeRegistry();
sr.register(new Scheme("https", ssf, 443));
return new DefaultHttpClient(ccm, base.getParams());
} catch (Exception ex) {
return null;
}
}
Daniel's answer 很好,只是我不得不更改此代码...
SchemeRegistry registry = new SchemeRegistry();
registry.register(new Scheme("http", PlainSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(), 80));
registry.register(new Scheme("https", sf, 443));
ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(params, registry);
到这个代码...
ClientConnectionManager ccm = new ThreadSafeClientConnManager(params, registry);
SchemeRegistry registry = ccm.getShemeRegistry()
registry.register(new Scheme("http", PlainSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(), 80));
registry.register(new Scheme("https", sf, 443));
让它工作。
不定期副业成功案例分享
http://stackoverflow.com/questions/7822381/need-help-understanding-certificate-chains