For example, for the XML below
<CATALOG>
<CD title="Empire Burlesque"/>
<CD title="empire burlesque"/>
<CD title="EMPIRE BURLESQUE"/>
<CD title="EmPiRe BuRLeSQuE"/>
<CD title="Others"/>
<CATALOG>
How to match the first 4 records with xpath like //CD[@title='empire burlesque']
. Is there xpath function to do this? Other solutions like PHP function are also accepted.
XPath 2 has a lower-case (and upper-case) string function. That's not quite the same as case-insensitive, but hopefully it will be close enough:
//CD[lower-case(@title)='empire burlesque']
If you are using XPath 1, there is a hack using translate.
matches() is an XPATH 2.0 function that allows for case-insensitive regex matching.
One of the flags is i
for case-insensitive matching.
The following XPATH using the matches() function with the case-insensitive flag:
//CD[matches(@title,'empire burlesque','i')]
^
and $
, like matches(@title, '^empire burlesque$', 'i')
This does not work in Chrome Developer tools to locate a element, i am looking to locate the 'Submit' button in the screen
//input[matches(@value,'submit','i')]
However, using 'translate' to replace all caps to small works as below
//input[translate(@value,'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ','abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz') = 'submit']
Update: I just found the reason why 'matches' doesnt work. I am using Chrome with xpath 1.0 which wont understand the syntax 'matches'. It should be xpath 2.0
translate
solution in this answer won't work for languages (german for instance) having special rules for uppercase letters.
One possible PHP solution:
// load XML to SimpleXML
$x = simplexml_load_string($xmlstr);
// index it by title once
$index = array();
foreach ($x->CD as &$cd) {
$title = strtolower((string)$cd['title']);
if (!array_key_exists($title, $index)) $index[$title] = array();
$index[$title][] = &$cd;
}
// query the index
$result = $index[strtolower("EMPIRE BURLESQUE")];
You mentioned that PHP solutions were acceptable, and PHP does offer a way to accomplish this even though it only supports XPath v1.0. You can extend the XPath support to allow PHP function calls.
$xpathObj = new DOMXPath($docObj);
$xpathObj->registerNamespace('php','http://php.net/xpath'); // (required)
$xpathObj->registerPhpFunctions("strtolower"); // (leave empty to allow *any* PHP function)
$xpathObj->query('//CD[php:functionString("strtolower",@title) = "empire burlesque"]');
See the PHP registerPhpFunctions documentation for more examples. It basically demonstrates that "php:function" is for boolean evaluation and "php:functionString" is for string evaluation.
for selenium xpath lower-case will not work ... Translate will help Case 1 :
using Attribute //*[translate(@id,'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ','abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz')='login_field'] Using any attribute //[translate(@,'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ','abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz')='login_field']
Case 2 : (with contains) //[contains(translate(@id,'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ','abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'),'login_field')]
case 3 : for Text property //*[contains(translate(text(), 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ', 'abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'),'username')]
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