Curl error 60, SSL certificate issue: self signed certificate in certificate chain

php curl oauth vk

I try to send curl request with my correct APP_ID, APP_SECRET etc. to the

  https://oauth.vk.com/access_token?client_id=APP_ID&client_secret=APP_SECRET&code=7a6fa4dff77a228eeda56603b8f53806c883f011c40b72630bb50df056f6479e52a&redirect_uri=REDIRECT_URI

I need to get access_token from it, but get a FALSE and curl_error() print next message otherwise:

60: SSL certificate problem: self signed certificate in certificate chain

My code is:

    // create curl resource
    $ch = curl_init();

    // set url
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
    //return the transfer as a string
    curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);

    // $output contains the output string
    $output = curl_exec($ch);
    if ( ! $output) {
        print curl_errno($ch) .': '. curl_error($ch);
    }

    // close curl resource to free up system resources
    curl_close($ch);

    return $output;

When I move manually to the link above, I get access_token well. Why it doesn't work with curl? Help, please.

Maybe I need to get a certificate with .crt extention? But I don't know how to get him

Please avoid the [broken] accepted answer. Use @erlangsec's answer instead. Also see The most dangerous code in the world: validating SSL certificates in non-browser software.

erlangsec

Answers suggesting to disable CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER should not be accepted. The question is "Why doesn't it work with cURL", and as correctly pointed out by Martijn Hols, it is dangerous.

The error is probably caused by not having an up-to-date bundle of CA root certificates. This is typically a text file with a bunch of cryptographic signatures that curl uses to verify a host’s SSL certificate.

You need to make sure that your installation of PHP has one of these files, and that it’s up to date (otherwise download one here: http://curl.haxx.se/docs/caextract.html).

Then set in php.ini:

curl.cainfo = <absolute_path_to> cacert.pem

If you are setting it at runtime, use (where $ch = curl_init();):

curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_CAINFO, dirname(__FILE__)."/cacert.pem");

Thanks, but I was looking for a suggestion for work with external API. So the suggestion, that propose @SabujHassan is work, and, as I understood, API that I used, is not provide SSL.

Works like magic. This should be the answer, the "accepted answer" is easy but a bad way for security reasons.

I have a Letsencrypt certificate that works fine with FileZilla, is there a way to make curl to work with that instead?

Worth noting that curl.cainfo does not show up in phpinfo()in PHP 7.1/7.2, openssl.cafile does though. php.net/manual/en/curl.configuration.php

What if we do not update the cacert.pem with the latest release? What if any of the cert in pem file expires? How frequently should we update the cacert.pem on our servers?

Community

This workaround is dangerous and not recommended:

curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, false);

It's not a good idea to disable SSL peer verification. Doing so might expose your requests to MITM attackers.

In fact, you just need an up-to-date CA root certificate bundle. Installing an updated one is as easy as:

Downloading up-to-date cacert.pem file from cURL website and Setting a path to it in your php.ini file, e.g. on Windows: curl.cainfo=c:\php\cacert.pem

That's it!

Stay safe and secure.

You can also set this option in your code if you don't have the rights to edit global php.ini file: curl_setopt ($curl_ch, CURLOPT_CAINFO, dirname(__FILE__)."/cacert.pem");

Good for testing on dev env

This is horrible advice and the answer should be deleted.

@miken32 yeah and then I suggest an alternate safe solution as a replacement for the dangerous workaround. Keep reading until the end.

@AliKhosro It is the curl resource handler returned from curl_init() when you initialize it in your code.

VPK

If the SSL certificates are not properly installed in your system, you may get this error:

cURL error 60: SSL certificate problem: unable to get local issuer certificate.

You can solve this issue as follows:

Download a file with the updated list of certificates from https://curl.haxx.se/ca/cacert.pem

Move the downloaded cacert.pem file to some safe location in your system

Update your php.ini file and configure the path to that file:

Also, you may have to set openssl.cafile="C:/dev/ssl/mywebsite.local.crt" in the php.ini

peterh

Important: This issue drove me crazy for a couple days and I couldn't figure out what was going on with my curl & openssl installations. I finally figured out that it was my intermediate certificate (in my case, GoDaddy) which was out of date. I went back to my godaddy SSL admin panel, downloaded the new intermediate certificate, and the issue disappeared.

I'm sure this is the issue for some of you.

Apparently, GoDaddy had changed their intermediate certificate at some point, due to scurity issues, as they now display this warning:

"Please be sure to use the new SHA-2 intermediate certificates included in your downloaded bundle."

Hope this helps some of you, because I was going nuts and this cleaned up the issue on ALL my servers.

Although not exactly related to the question, it may present a viable information in general.

The error messages curl produces can sometimes be cryptic and misleading, and I'm sure some people who were getting the "self-signed certificate" error were getting it because of the quirk I cited. I also wanted to add that, when building curl, i used the configure string: ./configure --with-ca-bundle=/etc/ssl/certs/ca-bundle.crt and I also used the perl script lib/mk-ca-bundle.pl to generate a nice fresh ca-bundle.crt file. I was using apache web server, but I hadn't replaced my existing intermediate certificate with godaddy's updated one.

Aaron Krauss

To add a more specific answer, I ran into this when using Guzzle v7, the PHP HTTP request package. Guzzle allows you to bypass this like so:

use GuzzleHttp\Client;

$this->client = new Client([
    'verify' => false,
]);

Original source comment: https://github.com/guzzle/guzzle/issues/1490#issuecomment-375667460

Sundar

Error: SSL certificate problem: self signed certificate in certificate chain

Solution:
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, 0);    
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, 0);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_FAILONERROR, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data);

This is a useful solution for me on localhost using localwp.com Thanks!

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