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What's the difference between interface and @interface in java?

I haven't touched Java since using JBuilder in the late 90's while at University, so I'm a little out of touch - at any rate I've been working on a small Java project this week, and using Intellij IDEA as my IDE, for a change of pace from my regular .Net development.

I notice it has support for adding interfaces and @interfaces, what is an @interface, and how does it differ from a normal interface?

public interface Test {
}

vs.

public @interface Test {
}

I've done a bit of searching, but couldn't find a great deal of useful info referring to @interface.


m
mrkishi

The @ symbol denotes an annotation type definition.

That means it is not really an interface, but rather a new annotation type -- to be used as a function modifier, such as @override.

See this javadocs entry on the subject.


Great thanks, good to know. So what was the rationale for calling it @interface, rather then say @annotation I wonder.. seems like an unnecessarily overloaded term.
The tutorial and the JLS allude to an annotation being a special kind of interface. There doesn't appear to be much discussion out there on the subject, but javarunner.blogspot.com/2005/01/annotations-in-java-15.html explains that annotations are an implicit extension of the Annotation interface and @ and interface are used to together differentiate from a regular interface. You may also want to read the JSR specification for annotations.
@Bittercoder the docs do mention: "keyword interface is preceded by the at sign (@) (@ = AT, as in annotation type)". Thats all the rationale I can find w.r.t. naming.
Actually, Bittercoder's question is quite inevitable, and DavidValeri's link very nicely explains it. So, you can write like this: @ interface, not only @interface.
j
jsheeran

interface:

In general, an interface exposes a contract without exposing the underlying implementation details. In Object Oriented Programming, interfaces define abstract types that expose behavior, but contain no logic. Implementation is defined by the class or type that implements the interface.

@interface : (Annotation type)

Take the below example, which has a lot of comments:

public class Generation3List extends Generation2List {

   // Author: John Doe
   // Date: 3/17/2002
   // Current revision: 6
   // Last modified: 4/12/2004
   // By: Jane Doe
   // Reviewers: Alice, Bill, Cindy

   // class code goes here

}

Instead of this, you can declare an annotation type

 @interface ClassPreamble {
   String author();
   String date();
   int currentRevision() default 1;
   String lastModified() default "N/A";
   String lastModifiedBy() default "N/A";
   // Note use of array
   String[] reviewers();
}

which can then annotate a class as follows:

@ClassPreamble (
   author = "John Doe",
   date = "3/17/2002",
   currentRevision = 6,
   lastModified = "4/12/2004",
   lastModifiedBy = "Jane Doe",
   // Note array notation
   reviewers = {"Alice", "Bob", "Cindy"}
)
public class Generation3List extends Generation2List {

// class code goes here

}

PS: Many annotations replace comments in code.

Reference: http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/annotations/declaring.html


That was actually useful. I didn't know Java could do this.
The previous answer included this link which is where this information came from. I found it useful to find more information about this topic. docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/annotations/declaring.html
I'm not sure why everyone loves this answer while it gives a very limited use case of the annotations. Annotation in java is used for so many more things than just a replacement for comments. The power of annotations lies in the fact that they can change the way how annotated elements behave or get processed in the runtime
D
Dr.jacky

The interface keyword indicates that you are declaring a traditional interface class in Java.
The @interface keyword is used to declare a new annotation type.

See docs.oracle tutorial on annotations for a description of the syntax.
See the JLS if you really want to get into the details of what @interface means.


E
Emmanuel Osimosu

interface: defines the contract for a class which implements it

@interface: defines the contract for an annotation


P
Piyush Singh

interface in the Java programming language is an abstract type that is used to specify a behavior that classes must implement. They are similar to protocols. Interfaces are declared using the interface keyword

@interface is used to create your own (custom) Java annotations. Annotations are defined in their own file, just like a Java class or interface. Here is custom Java annotation example:

@interface MyAnnotation {

    String   value();

    String   name();
    int      age();
    String[] newNames();

}

This example defines an annotation called MyAnnotation which has four elements. Notice the @interface keyword. This signals to the Java compiler that this is a Java annotation definition.

Notice that each element is defined similarly to a method definition in an interface. It has a data type and a name. You can use all primitive data types as element data types. You can also use arrays as data type. You cannot use complex objects as data type.

To use the above annotation, you could use code like this:

@MyAnnotation(
    value="123",
    name="Jakob",
    age=37,
    newNames={"Jenkov", "Peterson"}
)
public class MyClass {


}

Reference - http://tutorials.jenkov.com/java/annotations.html